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DOSSIER Gleichschaltung (political equalization) in Munich and Bavaria 1933 19 Images

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Gleichschaltung (political equalization) in Munich and Bavaria 1933

Nazi government in Bavaria, March 1933

The first Bavarian Nazi government after the National Socialist's seizure of power in the entire Reich and it's forcible-coordination of compliance in all German lands. From left to right: Ludwig Siebert (Prime Minister), Franz Ritter von Epp (Reich Commissioner, eventually Reich Governor), Adolf Wagner (Domestic Minister and representative of the Prime Minister), Hans Schemm (Culture), behind them standing are SA-Chief of Staff Ernst Roehm (special assignment), eventually General Governor in Poland, Hans Frank (Justice), Hermann Esser (Agriculture) and Georg Luber (special assignment).

The Befreiungshalle decorated with a swastika, 1933

During the first year of Nazi rule even the Befreiungshalle (Hall of Liberation) near Kelheim in Bavaria, a monument commemorating the victories against Napoleon, was decorated with National Socialist symbols.

SS men in front of Munich Town Hall, 1933

Two SS men on duty as auxiliary policemen in front of the gate to Munich Town Hall.

Franz Ritter von Epp in Oberstaufen, 1933

Franz Ritter von Epp, appointed Reichsstatthalter (Reich Governor) of Bavaria by Hitler, is greeted by schoolchildren in Oberstaufen. Swastikas and eyes at the far right retouched on the original picture.

Hitler and Schwarz on the Brown House balcony, 1933

Adolf Hitler on the balcony of the Brown House in Munich, the national headquarters of the National Socialist Party, with Reichsschatzmeister (National Treasurer) Franz Xaver Schwarz after the flag presentation at the Koenigsplatz.

Franz Ritter von Epp with Ernst Röhm, 1933

Franz Ritter von Epp, appointed Reichsstatthalter (Reich Governor) of Bavaria by Hitler, with SA leader Ernst Roehm on their way to the Bavarian Landtag (Bavarian Parliament) during the National Socialist's seizure of power in March 1933.

Hitler at a torchlight procession in Munich, 1933

Adolf Hitler on the balcony of the Brown House in Munich, the national headquarters of the National Socialist Party, during a torchlight procession.

Franz Ritter von Epp in Munich, 1933

Franz Ritter von Epp in Munich during the National Socialist's seizure of power.

Munich town hall with swastika flag, 1933

Setting up the swastika flag at the New Town Hall in Munich.

SA men march in Munich, 1933

Men of the SA-Standarte 'Muenchen II' march through Munich with swastika flags during the National Socialist's seizure of power.

Hans Frank gives a speech at the Justizpalast in Munich, 1933

Reich minister Hans Frank (right) transfers the Bavarian administration of justice to Reich Minister of Justice Franz Guertner as part of the National Socialist 'Gleichschaltung' ('forcible-coordination') at the Justizpalast (Palace of Justice) in Munich on 4 January 1935. In the audience from left to right: State council Heinrich Spangenberger, Bavarian Minister-President Ludwig Siebert, Reich Minister of Justice Franz Guertner, at the far right State Secretary for Agriculture Fritz Schubert and Mayor of Munich Karl Fiehler.

Ernst Röhm and an SA cohort during a Nazi salute, 1933

SA leader Ernst Roehm and a SA cohort raise a 'Sieg Heil!' ('Hail victory!') to Hitler in front of the Munich Police Department.

SA march in Vilsbiburg, 1933

An SA (Sturmabteilung) march in the Lower Bavarian district town of Vilsbiburg on 1 May 1933.

Franz Ritter von Epp at the Bavarian Landtag, 1933

After the National Socialist seizure of power Franz Ritter von Epp takes possession of the Bavarian Landtag (Bavarian Parliament) in Munich in front of a crowd of bystanders and mounted policemen.

Seizure of power in Munich, 1933

The courtyard of the Munich city hall is decorated with swastika flags and images of Hitler to celebrate the takeover of power of the Nazis.

Nazi Party celebration of the Seizure of Power in the Field Marshall's Hall, 1933

Celebration of the National Socialists on the occasion of the Seizure of Power in Bavaria on March 9, 1933.

Seizure of power of the Nazis in Bavaria, 1933

Ritter von Epp, appointed by Hitler as Reich Governor of Bavaria, leaves the building of the state parliament in Munich.

Franz Ritter von Epp with Ernst Roehm, 1933

Franz Ritter von Epp (left), Reichsstatthalter (Reich Governor) of Bavaria, in a car with SA leader Ernst Roehm (right).

SA men in front of the editorial offices of the Muenchener Post (Munich Post) during the seizure of power in 1933

At the time of the seizure of power in the spring of 1933, there were serious riots against political opponents of the Nazis. Our photo shows armed SA men, who acted as auxiliary police, here in front of the editorial offices of the SPD newspaper "Muenchener Post" / "Bayerisches Wochenblatt" at Altheimer Eck in Munich.